| dc.contributor.author | Nazim Uddin, Sayed Mohammad | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-08-06T10:30:04Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-08-06T10:30:04Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2017 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | repository.auw.edu.bd:8080//handle/123456789/977 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The World Health Organization suggests storing human urine for at least 6 months at 20 W
C prior to
application as fertilizer to reduce the potential health risks from pathogenic organisms. Such a
storage condition for human urine, however, not only requires a long period of time and large space
but also ignores the risk of nitrogen losses. In this study, human urine underwent thermal treatment
during storage to improve disinfection and to inhibit urea hydrolysis. Microbial indicators such as
Escherichia coli and fecal coliforms and the concentration of ammonia/ammonium were investigated
in urine samples that were stored at 60 W
C and 70 W
C. Both the inactivation of indicators and
decomposition of urea improved under storage temperatures of 60 W
C and 70 W
C compared with
storage under ambient temperature. Therefore, human urine is recommended to be stored at 70 W
C
for 7 days for hygienic and stabilization purposes. Under this storage condition, pH is maintained
below 8.0 and ammonia/ammonium content is maintained at approximately 800 mg/L. | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development | en_US |
| dc.subject | human urine, hygienization, stabilization, thermal treatment | en_US |
| dc.title | Investigation on microbial inactivation and urea decomposition in human urine during thermal storage | en_US |
| dc.type | Article | en_US |
